However, it can be difficult to examine surface wetting behavior outside of the laboratory, where dedicated instruments are available. Because of this, exploring surface wetting in a K–12 classroom setting is a valuable topic for connecting students’ everyday observations with both a foundational chemical understanding and research-applicable knowledge. The nature of these interactions is equally important in laboratory settings, where the observation of wetting characteristics can give valuable information regarding interfacial tension, an important physical characteristic aspect of any material. While the chemistry governing this interface can be complex, there is often an intuitive understanding of its expected behavior, especially when it comes to surface wetting.
#K 3d measure full
Both the natural and artificial world are full of examples, ranging from how water rolls off of plant leaves to what material waterproof jackets are made from. One of the most commonly observed chemical phenomena seen by the average person in their daily life is the interaction between water and solid surfaces.
This method can easily be adapted to suit learning objectives, allowing educators to explore a range of hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces of both biological and synthetic origin. Use in a middle school setting has shown that this 3D printed method is successful for teaching about water/surface interactions on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. Compared to simply holding the smart device by hand, the 3D printed method provided better quality images and an improved data acquisition experience when measuring the contact angle. This setup enables proper backlighting, a stable camera holder for quality images, and a flat surface with an easily adjustable platform to hold the sample. Thus, we present an affordable 3D printed setup for the reliable measurement of the contact angle of water on a variety of natural and synthetic surfaces, using smart devices (e.g., cell phone, tablet) as the imaging basis. Obtaining such laboratory-grade equipment for the K–12 classroom is not only difficult but also unnecessary. Typically, expensive equipment, such as dedicated contact angle goniometers, is used in laboratories to observe how water interacts with materials. Making the connection between fundamental scientific phenomena and everyday observations is a powerful method of highlighting the importance and relevance of science to the K–12 population. Newpage, US Patent #8,727,528, “ Glossy recording medium for inkjet printing”.The interaction between water and surfaces is observed in our daily lives and is used in laboratories to study materials properties, such as interfacial tension. Rayonier, US Patent#8,497,410 “ Method for making absorbent products”.ĥ. Kimberly Clark, US Patent# US 7,258,758, “ Strengthening nonwovens”.Ĥ. Proctor and Gamble, US Patent #6,114,471, “ Strengthening paper”.ģ. Xerox Corporation, # US Patent #5,935,689, “ Printing Method”.Ģ. The high resolution now scans with unmatched resolution, including up to 128 different sizes of flocs.ġ. We have doubled the resolution of our scanning with our latest "high resolution" technology. In addition to transmission analysis, we offer an optional surface scanning set of optics that can characterize the surface of your sheet. We also include a unique feature that allows user to change the optical sensitivity from a low setting to an ultra high setting, allowing you to filter out the less significant flocs and sheet defects. The M/K Formation Analyzer uses an independent pixel scanning method that avoids light scattering issues which occur in all camera systems. No other bench top formation tester can match this area of scanning, as camera systems a limited to approximately 1"x1" area scans with light-reflection issues. In a single test, the M/K formation tester scans a large 320cm2 area (16cm x 20cm), with each pixel measured independently. Test all grades of paper: bond, liner board, recycled, copy paper, coated papers, colored papers, or any other grade. Unlike camera systems, our device uses a laser-type focused beam of light to accurately measure the optical density each pixel of the sheet. In addition to measuring the formation index, the M/K also accurately measures the defects and flocs inside the sheet, as well as low density pockets, basis weight, and internal standard deviation. The M/K 3D Formation Tester measures the formation in paper, fiberglass, containerboard, tissues and towels, and a host of other sheet materials. Scan 320cm2 in a single test - note that camera tests scan approximately 5cm2 per test.
0 kommentar(er)
